More Human Than Human Resources Mac OS

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It happened last year for the first time: bot traffic eclipsed human traffic, according to the bot-trackers at Incapsula.

This year, Incapsula says 61.5 percent of traffic on the web is non-human.

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Now, you might think this portends the arrival of 'The Internet of Things'—that ever-promised network that will connect your fridge and car to your smartphone. But it does not.

This non-human traffic is search bots, scrapers, hacking tools, and other human impersonators, little pieces of code skittering across the web. You might describe this phenomenon as The Internet of Thingies.

Because bots are not difficult to build. In fact, it's so simple that a journalist (who has not learned to code) can do it.

I do it with a ($300) program called UBot Studio, which is an infrastructural piece of the botting world. It lets people like me program and execute simple scripts in browsers without (really) knowing any code.

Do you need 100 Hotmail accounts? I got you.

Perhaps you'd like some set of links autotweeted? I'm there.

You want to scrape a few numbers from a government website or an online store? Easy. It'd take 10 minutes.

Or — and this is the one that gets to me — perhaps you want to generate an extra 100,000 pageviews for some website? So simple. A programmer friend of mine put it like this, 'The basics of sending fake traffic are trivial.'

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More Human Than Human Resources Mac OS

I'm going to tell you how here, even though I think executing such a script is highly unethical, probably fraud, and something you should not do. I'm telling you about it here because people need to understand how jawdroppingly easy it really is.

So, the goal is mimicking humans. Which means that you can't just send 100,000 visits to the same page. That'd be very suspicious.

So you want to spread the traffic out over a bunch of target pages. But which ones? You don't want pages that no one ever visits. But you also don't want to send traffic to pages that people are paying close attention to, which tend to be the most recent ones. So, you want popular pages but not the most popular or recent pages.

Luckily, Google tends to index the popular, recentish stories more highly. And included with UBot are two little bots that can work in tandem. The first scrapes Google's suggestions searches. So it starts with the most popular A searches (Amazon, Apple, America's Cup) then the most popular B searches, etc. Another little bot scrapes the URLs from Google search results.

So the first step in the script would be to use the most popular search suggestions to find popularish stories on the domain (say, theatlantic.com) and save all those domains.

The first search would be 'amazon site:theatlantic.com.' The top 20 URLs, all of which would be Atlantic stories, would get copied into a file. Then the bot would search 'apple site:theatlantic.com' and paste another 20 in. And so on and so forth until you've got 1,000.

Now, all you've got to do is have the bot visit each story, wait for the page to load, and go on to the next URL. Just for good measure, perhaps you'd have the browser 'focus' on the ads on the page to increase the site's engagement metrics.

Loop your program 100 times and you're done. And you could do the same thing whenever you wanted to.

Of course, the bot described here would be very easy to catch. If anyone looked, you'd need to be fancier to evade detection. For example, when a browser connects to a website, it sends a little token that says, 'This is who I am!' And it lists the browser and the operating system, etc. Mine, for example, is, 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.63 Safari/537.36'

If we ran the script like this, an identical 100,000 user agents would show up in the site's logs, which might be suspicious.

But the user agent-website relationship is trust-based. Any browser can say, 'I'm Chrome running on a Mac.' And, in fact, there are pieces of software out there that will generate 'realistic' user agent messages, which Ubot helpfully lets you plug in.

The hardest part would be obscuring that the IP addresses of the visits. Because if 100,000 visits came from a single computer, that would be a dead giveaway it was a bot. So, you could rent a botnet — a bunch of computers that have been hacked to do the bidding of (generally) bad people.

Or you could ask some 'friends' to help out via a service like JingLing, which lets people use other people on the network to send traffic to webpages from different IP addresses. You scratch my back; I'll scratch yours!

But, if the botting process is done subtly, no one might think to check what was going on. Because from a publisher's perspective, how much do you really want to know?

In the example I gave, no page has gotten more than 100 views, but you've added 100,000 views to the site as a whole. It would just seem as if there was more traffic, but it'd all be down at the bottom of the traffic reports where most people have no reason to look.

And indeed, some reports have come out showing that people don't check. One traffic buyer told Digiday, 'We worked with a major supply-side platform partner that was just wink wink, nudge nudge about it. They asked us to explain why almost all of our traffic came from one operating system and the majority had all the same user-agent string.'

That is to say, someone involved in the traffic supply chain was no more sophisticated than a journalist with 10 hours of training using a publicly available piece of software.

The point is: It's so easy to build bots that do various things that they are overrunning the human traffic on the web.

Now, to understand the human web, we have to reckon with the logic of the non-human web. It is, in part, shady traffic that allows ad networks and exchanges to flourish. And these automated ad buying platforms — while they do a lot of good, no doubt about it — also put pressure on other publishers to sell ads more cheaply. When they do that, there's less money for content, and the content quality suffers.

The ease of building bots, in other words, hurts what you read each and every day on the Internet. And it's all happening deep beneath the shiny web we know and (sometimes) love.

Instructional Team

David Joyner
Creator, Instructor
Ida Camacho
Head TA

Overview

This course is an introductory course on human-computer interaction. It does not presuppose any earlier knowledge of human-computer interaction, computer science, or psychology. The class covers three broad categories of topics within human-computer interaction: the principles and characteristics of the interaction between humans and computers; the techniques for designing and evaluating user-centered systems; and current areas of cutting-edge research and development in human-computer interaction.

Human Resources Job Description

More information is available on the CS 6750 course website.

This course counts towards the following specialization(s):
Interactive Intelligence

Course Goals

There are three broad learning goals for this course. At the end of this course, you will understand:

  • The principles and characteristics of human-computer interaction, such as direct manipulation, usability affordances, and interaction design heuristics.
  • The workflow for designing and evaluating user-centered designs, from needfinding to prototyping to evaluation.
  • The current state of research and development in human-computer interaction, such as augmented reality, wearable devices, and robotics.

Connected to those three learning goals are three learning outcomes. The learning outcomes are subsumed under the general learning outcome, 'To design effective interactions between humans and computers'. At the end of this course, you will be able to:

  • Design user interfaces and experiences grounded in known principles of usability and human-computer interaction.
  • Iteratively prototype, evaluate, and improve user-centered designs with user feedback.
  • Apply those skills to open or new areas of development in human-computer interaction.

Preview

Sample Syllabi

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Spring 2021 syllabus and schedule
Fall 2020 syllabus and schedule
Summer 2020 syllabus and schedule

Note: Sample syllabi are provided for informational purposes only. For the most up-to-date information, consult the official course documentation.

Course Videos

You can view the lecture videos for this course here.

Before Taking This Class...

Suggested Background Knowledge

This class does not have significant prerequisites before participation. In lieu of readiness questions, the following bullet points describe the tasks you will complete as part of this class; you may use this description of tasks to evaluate your readiness to take this class.

In this class, you will:

More Human Than Human Resources Mac Os Download

  • Analyze and evaluate user interfaces, both ones that we provide and ones that you go out and find on your own.
  • Conduct needfinding exercises to uncover problems that can be address through HCI methods.
  • Prototype user interfaces based on principles you learn within class in response to those needs.
  • Evaluate your user interfaces based on feedback you receive from potential users.
  • Revise your user interfaces accordingly and iterate on the prototyping process.
  • Apply those principles to an emerging area of HCI.
Technical Requirements and Software
  • Browser and connection speed: An up-to-date version of Chrome or Firefox is strongly recommended. 2+ Mbps is recommended.
  • Operating system:
    • PC: Windows XP or higher with latest updates installed
    • Mac: OS X 10.6 or higher with latest updates installed
    • Linux: any recent distribution will work so long as you can install Python and OpenCV
  • Virtual Machine: You will be provided a virtual machine (VM) useful for performing class assignments and projects. For the projects, the supplied resources are identical to those used to test your submissions. Details for downloading and installing the VM can be found on Canvas.​

Academic Integrity

More Human Than Human Resources Mac Os Download

All Georgia Tech students are expected to uphold the Georgia Tech Academic Honor Code. This course may impose additional academic integrity stipulations; consult the official course documentation for more information.